Katro
Uhlobo lomdlalo: Six-row mancala (two players) without stores, 6 holes per row; serpentine boustrophedon relay sowing across own half; depth-prioritized frontal captures with immediate onward re-sowing.
Uhlolojikelele
I-Katro (ephinde iqoshwe ngokuthi Katra) iyimigqa eyisithupha yendabuko yama-mancala kubantu baseBetsileo, eTanala, naseSakalava abahlala ngaphesheya kwezintaba eziseningizimu emaphakathi nezifunda eziseningizimu ye-Madagascar, ikakhulukazi eduze kwesizinda samasiko sase-Fianarantsoa.Nakuba imidlalo eminingi yase-Afrika yemigqa emine ikhawulela abadlali kumathrekhi amabili ahambisanayo, i-Katro inesakhiwo esimangalisayo samazinga ayisithupha (imigqa emithathu ngomdlali ngamunye) lapho izinto zokubala zizulazula ngendlela ye-boustrophedon emazombezombe.Umdlalo wafika ekunakekelweni okubanzi kwezemfundo yamazwe ngamazwe ngo-1998 ngocwaningo lwenkambu ye-ethnographic ye-Dutch anthropologist u-Alexander Johan de Voogt.Idlalwa ngaphandle emhlabeni obomvu ngamatshe ayindilinga noma imbewu eqinile, ukufana kwe-Katro kuvame ukudonsa izixuku ezishisekayo zezibukeli ezilandela amashifu asheshayo ekulinganisweni kwebhodi.
Ibhodi
- Imigqa/Amazinga: Six (a 6×6 grid, total of 36 holes).
- Imigodi emugqeni: 6.
- Izinqolobane: None.
- Izinto ekuqaleni: 2 seeds or stones per hole (72 counters in total).
- Isifunda: Each player exclusively controls their half of the board (three rows: innermost, central, and outermost).
Indlela Yokudlala
- Umdlali kufanele aqale ukusuka kumugqa ongaphandle ohlangothini lwakhe onamatshe njengamanje.Ama-Singletons angase akhethwe futhi ahanjiswe.Ukudlula ujiko akuvunyelwe.
- Ukuhlwanyela kuqhubeka ngokukhethekile kuhhafu womdlali siqu ngendlela ye-boustrophedon (inyoka), ihamba iye emuva naphambili phakathi kwemigqa emithathu futhi ibuya kusukela ekupheleni komugqa ongaphakathi impela kuya ekuqaleni komugqa ongaphandle.
- Uma imbewu yokugcina iwela emgodini okuhlala kuwo, konke okuqukethwe kuleyo mbobo kuyacoshwa futhi kuhlwanyelwe kuqhubekele ohlangothini olufanayo ethangeni eliqhubekayo lokudlulisa.
- Uma imbewu yokugcina iwela emgodini ongenalutho ngaphandle kokubangela ukubanjwa, ukujika kuyaphetha.
Ukubamba
- Uma imbewu yokugcina ye-lap ihlezi embobeni ehlala abantu ebheke ngqo embobeni ehlala izimbangi, ukuthwebula kwenziwa inqobo nje uma imithetho esebenzayo yomugqa wokuqala yaneliswa:
- Okubalulekile kurowu kwesinyakazi: Umdlali angathwebula kuphela kusuka kumugqa wabo ongaphakathi impela inqobo nje uma noma iyiphi imbobo kuleyo rowu iqukethe imbewu.Kuphela uma umugqa wabo ongaphakathi impela ungenalutho ngokuphelele lapho bengathwebula kumugqa wabo omaphakathi;uma umugqa wabo omaphakathi nawo ungenalo, ukuthwebula kungase kuqaliswe ukusuka kumugqa wawo ongaphandle.
- Okubalulekile kumugqa wombangi: Amatshe aphikisayo kufanele athathwe kumugqa ongaphakathi impela wombangi inqobo nje uma lowo mugqa uqukethe imbewu.Uma umugqa ongaphakathi impela wombangi ungenamuntu ngokuphelele, okuthwebulayo kuthinta umugqa wabo omaphakathi;uma umugqa wawo ophakathi nawo ungenalutho, amatshe athathwa kumugqa wawo ongaphandle.
- Uma kwenzeka ukuthwebula, amatshe abanjwe ophikisana naye kanye nembewu eqoqiwe yomgodi wokufikela kuyahlanganiswa futhi kuhlwanyelwe ngokushesha kuqhutshekwe ethangeni elisha eliqala embobeni elandelayo kakhulu kusekhethi yomdlali.
Ukuphela Komdlalo Nokuwina
- Umdlalo unqanyulwa lapho umdlali engenakho umnyakazo osemthethweni osele ngesikhathi sakhe (ukunganyakazi noma ukuqedwa ngokuphelele kwamatshe).
- Umdlali owenze isenzo sokugcina esisemthethweni umenyezelwa njengowinile.
Amanothi
- Imidlalo yokuphela enezinto ezizodwa: Ukudlala kuzungeza ekulawuleni umugqa ongaphambili;ukushanela izinga elingaphakathi lesitha libaphika ukuhlasela okusheshayo, kuvamise ukuvumela umdlali onolaka ukuthi athwebule izithombe ezilandelanayo eziphula unomphela ukulingana kokuvikela.
- Imidlalo yokuphela enezinto ezizodwa: Nakuba i-6×6 kuwukucushwa okudume kakhulu kwe-Katro, okuhlukile kwesifunda okuhlobene e-Madagascar kuyahlukahluka kusuka kumagridi amancane angu-4×4 kanye no-4×6 kuya kumabhodi akhethekile afana ne-Katra Boaoaka.
- Imidlalo yokuphela enezinto ezizodwa: Amanothi e-Field ka-de Voogt aqopha ukuthi lapho yehliswa endaweni eyikhawunta yokugcina engayodwa, imithetho ekhethekile ye-diagonal ngokomlando yayivumela ama-singletons ukuthi angene ngokuqondile phakathi kwemigqa ukuze afune ukuthwebula, nakuba izinguqulo zesimanje ezijwayelekile ngokuvamile ziphoqelela isekethe efanayo ye-boustrophedon.
Source: Mancala World – Katro