Bao Kingulu
Uhlobo lomdlalo: Two-row traditional mancala without stores; 2 players, 6 pits per rank; counterclockwise relay sowing with first-lap restrictions, empty-pocket captures with the capturing seed, and permanent pit-reservation ("kuweka mtoto").
Uhlolojikelele
I-Bao Kingulu iyi-mancala yendabuko enemigqa emibili etshalwa abantu baseNgulu (Kingulu) basempumalanga-maphakathi neTanzania, abahlala ezindaweni ezinamagquma esifundeni saseMorogoro naseTanga.Ngokomlando babebalelwa ku-132,000 futhi bedume njengabezolimo nabahwebi abanekhono, iNgulu yagcina leli siko lemidlalo elihlukile kanye nemithelela yesiSwahili yasogwini.Imithetho yaqoshwa okokuqala ngo-1911 yisithunywa sevangeli saseJalimane u-Martin Klamroth encwadini yakhe yokuqala ethi Afrikanische Brettspiele, eyashicilelwa ku-Archiv für Anthropologie.Ngokungafani nesiSwahili esidumile esinemigqa emine ethi Bao, i-Bao Kingulu iqhudelana kumjikelezo we-compact 12-hole, nokho ifaka ukujula okumangazayo kobuqili ngokusebenzisa ama-multi-lap relays, imikhawulo yokufika komzuliswano wokuqala, kanye nokuketulwa kwezindawo okumangalisayo kwe-kuweka mtoto ("ukugcinwa kwengane"), okuguqulelwa ekubeni omelene naye unomphela.
Ibhodi
- Imigqa/Amazinga: Two
- Imigodi emugqeni: Six (12 holes total)
- Izinqolobane: None (captured seeds are banked off the board)
- Imbewu ngomgodi ekuqaleni: Four (48 seeds total)
- Umdlali ngamunye ulawula umugqa ohlangothini lwakhe lwebhodi.
Indlela Yokudlala
- Abadlali bayashintshana ngokuhambisa imbewu.
- Esikhathini somdlali, baphakamisa zonke izimbewu kunoma iyiphi yezimbobo zabo ezifanele futhi bazihlwanyele ngokuphikisana newashi bezungeza ibhodi, bebeka imbewu eyodwa emgodini ngamunye olandelayo.
- Ukuphela kwesinyathelo: Uma imbewu yokugcina yelaphu iwela embobeni okuhlala kuyo, okuqukethwe kwayo kuyaqoqwa futhi kusatshalaliswe kwelinye ithanga—ngaphandle uma iwela embotsheni yomphikisi equkethe izimbewu ezintathu ncamashi.
- Ukuphela kwesinyathelo: Umnyakazo akukho emthethweni uma imbewu yokugcina yomzuliswano wayo wokuqala iwela embobeni ehlala abantu, engagodliwe kumugqa womsusi.
- Ukuphela kwesinyathelo: Ijika liyaphela lapho imbewu yokugcina iwela emgodini ongenalutho, noma emgodini womphikisi oqukethe imbewu emithathu.
Ukubamba
- Izindleko zemigodi egciniwe: Uma imbewu yokugcina yomnyakazo iwela embobeni engenalutho yomdlali, ithwebula zonke izimbewu emgodini obhekene ngqo nombangi, kanye nembewu yokuthwebula ngokwayo.Uma imbobo ephikisanayo ingenalutho, akukho mbewu ethathwayo.
- Izindleko zemigodi egciniwe:kuweka mtoto):** Uma imbewu yokugcina yanoma iyiphi i-lap iwela embotsheni yombangi equkethe ncamashi imbewu emithathu (eyenza ezine), leyo mbobo ibanjwa unomphela.Imbewu engaphambili (eyokugcina kodwa-eyodwa) yomugqa wokubamba nayo iyabanjwa futhi ifakwe emgodini, ngaphandle uma umnyakazo wokubamba uthathwe ku-singleton.
- Izindleko zemigodi egciniwe: Noma yiziphi izimbewu eziwela emgodini obekelwe umgodi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zifakwa ebhange ngokushesha njengamatshe athathwe umnikazi onqobile wembobo.
Ukuphela Komdlalo Nokuwina
- Umdlalo uphetha lapho umdlali okuyithuba lakhe engenazo izinyathelo ezingokomthetho ezisele.
- Ekupheleni komdlalo, umdlali ngamunye uthola zonke izimbewu ezilele emigodini yazo (okuhlanganisa nanoma yiziphi izimbobo zesitha azinqobile futhi azigcinile) kanye nazo zonke izimbewu ezigcinwe ebhange.
- Umdlali onenani eliphelele lamaphuzu uyawina.Uma bobabili abadlali beqeda ngezinhlamvu ezingama-24, umdlalo uwumtomulo.
Amanothi
- Umlando wesizwe: Inkulumo ethi Afrikanische Brettspiele ("ukubeka/ukugcina ingane") ikhombisa isingathekiso esibuhlungu samasiko selungelo lendawo kanye nokuvikelwa komndeni okutholakala emdlalweni webhodi wesifunda saseMpumalanga Afrika.
- Umlando wesizwe: Ibhalwe ngu-Martin Klamroth (Afrikanische Brettspiele, in Archiv für Anthropologie, 1911).
Source: Mancala World – Bao Kingulu